Mechanical pyrometer or heat-measuring device.



J. L. ZANDER.

MECHANICAL PYROMETEB 0R HEAT MBASURING DB VICE.

APPLICATION ILED MAY 21, 1909.

ATTORNEYS J. L. ZANDER.

MECHANICAL EYECMETEE 0E HEAT MEASUEINC DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 21, 1909.

Patented 0013.26, 1909.

' z SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEYS.

JOHN L. ZANDER, 0F NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

MECHANICAL PYROIVIETER OR HEAT-MEASURING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Get. 26, 1909.

Application filed May 21, 1909. Serial No. 497,418.

To all 'whom fit 'may concern:

Be it known that I, Jol-1N L. ZANDER, citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mechanical Pyrometers or Heat-lS/Ieasuring.Devices; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

itiy present invention relates, generally, to improvements in mechanical pyrometers or heat-measuring devices; and, the present invention has reference, more particularly, to a novel pyroineter for the purpose of indicating heat-nieasurements.

This invention has for its principal object to provide a novel and simply constructed and portable pyrometer, the parts of which are mechanically operated by the expansion and contraction of a rod-like element forming part of the instrument, which parts produce an oscillatory movement of an indexhand or pointer so as to designate upon a suitable scale the degrees of heat.

Other objects of this invention not at this time more particularly mentioned will be clearly understood from the following detailed description of my present invention.

The invention consists, primarily, in the novel mechanical pyroineter hereinafter set forth; and, the invention consists, furthermore, in the novel arrangements and combinations of the various devices and parts, as well as in the details of the construction of the same, all of which will be more fully described in the following specication, and then inally embodied in the clauses of the claim which are appended to and which form f an essential part of this specification.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front face view of a pyroineter 'embodying the principles of my present iiivention; and Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional representation of the same. Fig. 3 is a detail horizontal section, taken on line 3--3 in said Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrow sa, said view being made on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4L is an enlarged transverse section of the dial-case of the device j and the mechanism therein, the various parts a being shown in their normal initial positions; and Fig. 5 is a similar sectional representation of the several devices represented in said Fig. 4L, but showing the parts of the mechanism within the dial-case in one of their actuated positions.

Similar characters of reference are employed in all of the above described views, to in dieate corresponding parts.

Referring now to the severa-l figures of the drawings, the reference-character 1 indicates the complete mechanical pyroineter showing one embodiment of the principles of my present invention, and 2 indicates a suitably formed cylindrical dial-casing or body which has a back 3 and is formed with a number of lugs 4, substantially as shown. The said lugs are provided with screwthreaded receiving portions 5, and resting upon the said lugs fl is a plate 6 provided with a suitable dial 7 upon which are suitable graduations, as S. The said plate 6 and dial 7 is suitably fitted within the said casing 2, being secured in place by means of screws, as t), which are screwed into the screw -threaded receiving portions 5, and said plate and its dial being formed with a centrally disposed openinglO. Suitably secured upon the back 3 of the said casing or body 2, by means of screws 11, or by means of any other suitable fastening devices, is a block oi' member 12 which is provided with a pair of bearing-members or arms 13. If desired, these arms may be made separate from the said block 12, as herein shown, in which case they are secured upon the opposite faces of the said block by means of snitable screws 14. The said bearing-members or arms 13 are also provided with journalreceiving holes, as 15, in which are rotatably arranged the reduced portions or journals 17 and 1S of an arbor or vertical spindle 1G. The upper reduced portion 18 of said arbor or spindle extends through the centrally disposed hole or opening 1() in said plate 6 and dial 7, and suitably secured upon that portion of the journal 18 which projects above the face of the dial 7 is an index-hand 19 having a pointer :2O movably disposed above the scale or graduations of the dial, as clearly indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The open front of said casing or body 2 is closed by means of a suitable glass 21 which is secured in the usual manner to said casing or body by means of a bezel or ring IlO Suitably secured to said arbor or spindle l0 is the inner end-portion of a spiral spring 2, said spring having its outer endportion 2li suitably t'astened to the side of the block l2. fr pinion is also suitably secured upon said arbor or spindle 1G for the purpose ot revolving the saine, will presently more fully appear. Each bearingmember er arm lo is also provided with a supporting element or iinger 26 extending 'from one side of each bearing-member or arm, substantially as shown in the several figures olf the drawings, and each element or finger QG being made with al journal-receiving hole or perforation Qi'. Arranged so as to oscillate within said holes or perforations 2T are the journals 29 of a. crank 28, said. crank being formed with a rear- `-ardly extendingl arm 3() farrying a toothed sector 3l which is in operative mesh oi' engagement with the pinion 25 upon the arbor or spindle lll, as clearly shown. The said crank, as will be seen from Figs. ist and 5 ol. the drawings, is provided with a perforation 32 iu which is adjustably secured a suitable pin or stem C33, the same being fixed in its adjusted position by means of a set screw Pivotally secured to the biturcated end-portion oi the said pin or stein 33, by means et a pivot 235, is a suitable link 36, said link having' its lower end-portion pivotally secured by means of a pivot-pin 37 within the one end-portion 3S) oit' a tubular member 3 This tubular member is preferably of the configuration shown in the several iigures of the drawings, and is also provided with another end-portion, as l0, in which is arraiiged and suitably secured therein, preferably by means oi'' a set screw S Vl-lr. the upper end-portion ot' a rod ft2.

The previously mentioned casing or body 2 is formed with a thickened portion, as 43, which is provided with an opening 1H- and suitable screw holes 45. Suitably secured over the said opening -Ll-t and against the inner face -ll-( of the said thickened portion et?) by means of screws 4.7 is a plate 418, said plate being provided with a hole or opening 49 in which a portion of the previously mentioned rod l2 is inovably arranged. The said plate #i8 is also provided with a tubular hub or socket-like member 50 which is arranged in the opening i142, the said member 50 being internallyI screw-threaded, as at 5l. Suitably secured to the .aid tubular hub or socket-like element 50 by means of an externally screw-threaded portion 52, whichv is screwed into the screw-threzuled portion 51, as shown in F 2 otl the drawings, is an expansion member or element As shown in said Fig. 2 ot' the drawings, the previously mentioned rod 4t2 extends part way down into the said tube 53, and suitably cured to the lower end-portion of the said. rod

4Q which preferably made of copper by wenn v means ot a pin ll or other suitable tastening means, is an expansion rod 55, which is pret'- erably, made oit nickel. This rod 55 extends down through the ren'iaining portion ol. the tube 53 and has its lower end Isuitably and immovably fixed to a cap or clement 5S which is iastened in the lower end otf the said tube preterably by 1n ans ot a screwthreaded portion 5T.

Having 'thus in a general way described the construction and arrangement of the several devices and parts ot my novel form ot mechanical pyrometer, I will now brielly sel forth the manner of employing the same lior recording temperatures or degrees ot heat.

The end-portion 5S ot the device is applied to the source or medium oi which the temperature is to be taken, either by inserting the said end into said medium, or by otherwise applying it thereto. The generated heat will cause an expansion ot the tubular iueinber 53, in the direction oit tht` arrow y in Fig. Q ot the drawings, ou account ot the opposite end-portion ol the expansion tube being tast to the casing or body 2. Art the same time, the lower eudportion of the expansion rod being .tast .in the element 5b. and the latter in turn being fast to the lower end-portion ot' the expansion rod the two connected rods 55 and v-112 will also move in the direction oit the arrow 1/ in said Fig. 2, and by means ot' the connecting member 3S, the link 3b and the stein 33, will actuate the crank and the toothed sector connected therewith. The result will be that the parts will move into the positions indicated in Fig. 5 ot the drawings. the rotary movement ot: the pinion i5 and the arbor or spindle lo causing the spiral spring to be wound up, aud the index hand to move trom its normal initial position iudicated in Fig. l of the drawings in thc direction ot the arrow in said iigure, so as to indi fate the degrees of heat upon the sca le ot' the dial 7, as will be clearly evident. Then the end-portion 58 is removed from the heat-supplying source, and during the contraction of the parts due to cooling oli'. the previously wound spiral spring, as well as the coi'itraction ot the tube 53 and the rod 55, again cause the said parts to assume their normal initial` positions, as will be clearly evident.

From the foregoing descriptii'in ot my presentinvention, it will be seen that l have devised a simply constructed mechanical pyrometer which can be readily carried about and which is etlectivc for heat measurements ot low ten'iperatures.

I am aware that some changes may be made in the arrangements and combinations ot` the various devices and parts, without departing from the scope oi" my present invention as described in the foregoing speciiication, and as delined in the claims which are appended thereto. Hence l do not limit my invention to the exact arrangements and combinations of the devices and parts as set forth in the specification, nor do I coniine myself to the exact details of the construction of the said parts as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

I claim l. A mechanical pyroineter comprising a casing provided with a dial and an index, a tubular expansion element extending therefrom, an expansion rod Within said tubular element, said rod having one end fixed to the free end-portion of said tubular element, a second rod of a different metal from said lirst-mentioned rod, said second rod being arranged in said tubular element, said second rod havingl one end connected With said first-mentioned rod and having its other end y extending into said casing, and mechanism Within said casing and connected With said second mentioned rod for actuating said index-hand.

2. A mechanical pyrometer comprising a casing provided With a dial and an index, a tubular expansion element extending therefrom, an expansion rod Within said tubular element, said rod having one end ixed to the free end-portion of said tubular element, a second rod of a different metal from that of said first-mentioned rod, said second rod being arranged in said tubular expansion element, said second rod having one end connected With said first-mentioned rod and having its other end extending into said casing, a spring-controlled arbor Within said casing, a pinion upon said arbor, a crank, an arm extending from said crank, a toothed sector upon said arm in mesh with said pinion, a stem connected With said crank, a link connected with said stem, and a tubular connecting element With one end-portion of which said link is pivotally connected, said connecting element being attached at its other end portion to said second-mentioned rod for actuating said index.

3. A mechanical pyrometer comprising a casing, provided With a dial and an index, said casing having an opening in its side, a perforated plate secured over said opening, a screw-threaded socket upon said plate extending into said opening, a tubular expansion element having an end-portion screwed into said socket, an expansion rod Within said tubular element, said rod having one end fixed to the free end-portion of said tubular element, a second rod of a different metal from said first-mentioned rod, said second rod being arranged in said tubular element, said second rod having one end connected With said first-mentioned rod and having its other end extending into said casing, and mechanism Within said casing and connected with said second-mentioned rod for actuating said index-hand.

4. A mechanical pyrometer comprising a casing provided With a dial and an index, said casing having an opening in its side, a perforated plate secured over said opening, a screw-threaded socket upon said plate extending into said opening, a tubular expansion element having an end-portion screwed into said socket, a spring-controlled arbor Within said casing, a pinion upon said arbor, a crank, an arm extending from said crank, a toothed sector upon said arm in mesh With said pinion, a stem connected with said crank, a link connected With said stem, a second tubular element Within said casing and a connecting means between said link and said second-mentioned tubular element for actuating said index, an expansion rod Within said first-mentioned tubular element, said rod having one end fixed to the free end-portion of said tubular element, a second rod of a different metal from that of said first-mentioned rod, said second rod being arranged in said first-mentioned tubu-v lar expansion element., said second rod having one end connected With said first-mentioned rod and having its other end extending into said casing, and secured to said secondmentioned tubular element Within said casing.

ln testimony, that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereunto setmy hand this 18th day of May 1909.

JOHN L. ZANDER.

Titnesses Fnnnx. H. W. FRAENTZEL, FREDK. C. FRAENTZEL. 

